Publications
This list includes only the lab’s main publications. For a more complete overview with co-authored
publications and citation data, please see Christoph Bock’s Google Scholar profile.
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* corresponding author; # shared first / shared last author
GPT-4 as a biomedical simulator
Schaefer M, Reichl S#, ter Horst R#, Nicolas AM, Krausgruber T, Piras F, Stepper P, Bock C*, Samwald M*
Computers in Biology and Medicine  178, 108796 (2024). DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108796
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JAK-STAT signaling maintains homeostasis in T cells and macrophages
Fortelny N, Farlik M#*, Fife V, Gorki AD, Lassnig C, Maurer B, Meissl K, Dolezal M, Boccuni L, Ravi Sundar Jose Geetha A, Akagha MJ, Karjalainen A, Shoebridge S, Farhat A, Mann U, Jain R, Tikoo S, Zila N, Esser-Skala W, Krausgruber T, Sitnik K, Penz T, Hladik A, Suske T, Zahalka S, Senekowitsch M, Barreca D, Halbritter F, Macho-Maschler S, Weninger W, Neubauer HA, Moriggl R, Knapp S, Sexl V, Strobl B, Decker T, Müller M, Bock C*
Nature Immunology  25 (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01804-1
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Multi-omics analysis of innate and adaptive responses to BCG vaccination reveals epigenetic cell states that predict trained immunity
Moorlag SJCFM, Folkman L#, ter Horst R#, Krausgruber T#, Barreca D, Schuster LC, Fife V, Matzaraki V, Li W, Reichl S, Mourits VP, Koeken VACM, de Bree CJ, Dijkstra H, Lemmers H, van Cranenbroek B, van Rijssen E, Koenen HJP, Jossten I, Xu CJ, Li Y, Joosten LAB, van Crevel R, Netea M*, Bock C*
Immunity  57/1, 171-187 (2024). DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.12.005
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Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal aberrant lymphoid developmental programs driving granuloma formation
Krausgruber T, Redl A#, Barreca D#, Doberer K, Romanovskaia D, Dobnikar L, Guarini M, Unterluggauer L, Kleissl L, Atzmüller D, Mayerhofer C, Kopf A, Saluzzo S, Lim CX, Rexie P, Weichhart T, Bock C*, Stary G*
Immunity  56, 289-306 (2023). DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.01.014
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Comparative analysis of genome-scale, base-resolution DNA methylation profiles across 580 animal species
Klughammer J, Romanovskaia D#, Nemc A, Posautz A, Seid C, Linda, Schuster, Keinath M, Ramos JSL, Kosak L, Evankow A, Prinz D, Kirchberger S, Datlinger P, Fortelny N, Schmidl C, Farlik M, Kaja, Skjærven, Bergthaler A, Liedvogel M, Thaller D, Burger PA, Hermann0 M, Distel M, Distel DL, Kübber-Heiss A, Bock C*
Nature Communications  14, 232 (2023). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34828-y
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LIQUORICE: detection of epigenetic signatures in liquid biopsies based on whole-genome sequencing data
Peneder P, Bock C, Tomazou EM*
Bioinformatics Advances  2 (2022). DOI: 10.1093/bioadv/vbac017
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High-content CRISPR screening.
Bock C*, Datlinger P, Chardon F, Coelho MA, Dong MB, Lawson KA, Lu T, Maroc L, Norman TM, Song B, Stanley G, Chen S, Garnett M, Li W, Moffat J, Qi LS, Shapiro RS, Shendure J, Weissman JS, Zhuang X
Nature Reviews Methods Primers   2, 8 (2022). DOI: 10.1038/s43586-021-00093-4
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Ultra-high-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing and perturbation screening with combinatorial fluidic indexing
Datlinger P, Rendeiro AF, Boenke T, Senekowitsch M, Krausgruber T, Barreca D, Bock C
Nature Methods  18, 635-642 (2021). DOI: 10.1038/s41592-021-01153-z
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Multimodal analysis of cell-free DNA whole-genome sequencing for pediatric cancers with low mutational burden
Peneder P, Stutz AM, Surdez D, Krumbholz M, Semper S, Chicard M, Sheffield NC, Pierron G, Lapouble E, Totzl M, Erguner B, Barreca D, Rendeiro AF, Agaimy A, Boztug H, Engstler G, Dworzak M, Bernkopf M, Taschner-Mandl S, Ambros IM, Myklebost O, Marec-Berard P, Burchill SA, Brennan B, Strauss SJ, Whelan J, Schleiermacher G, Schaefer C, Dirksen U, Hutter C, Boye K, Ambros PF, Delattre O, Metzler M, Bock C, Tomazou EM
Nature Communications  12, 3230 (2021). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23445-w
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The Organoid Cell Atlas
Bock C, Boutros M, Camp JG, Clarke L, Clevers H, Knoblich JA, Liberali P, Regev A, Rios AC, Stegle O, Stunnenberg HG, Teichmann SA, Treutlein B, Vries RGJ, the Human Cell Atlas ‘Biological Network’ Organoids
Nature Biotechnology  39, 13-17 (2021). DOI: 10.1038/s41587-020-00762-x
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Genomic epidemiology of superspreading events in Austria reveals mutational dynamics and transmission properties of SARS-CoV-2
Popa A, Genger JW, Nicholson MD, Penz T, Schmid D, Aberle SW, Agerer B, Lercher A, Endler L, Colaço H, Smyth M, Schuster M, Grau ML, MartÃnez-Jiménez F, Pich O, Borena W, Pawelka E, Keszei Z, Senekowitsch M, Laine J, Aberle JH, Redlberger-Fritz M, Karolyi M, Zoufaly A, Maritschnik S, Borkovec M, Hufnagl P, Nairz M, Weiss G, Wolfinger MT, von Laer D, Superti-Furga G, Lopez-Bigas N, Puchhammer-Stöckl E, Allerberger F, Michor F, Bock C, Bergthaler A
Science Translational Medicine  12, eabe2555 (2020). DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abe2555
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Knowledge-primed neural networks enable biologically interpretable deep learning on single-cell sequencing data
Fortelny N, Bock C
Genome Biology  21, 190 (2020). DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-02100-5
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Structural cells are key regulators of organ-specific immune response
Krausgruber T*, Fortelny N*, Fife-Gernedl V, Senekowitsch M, Schuster LC, Nemc A, Schmidl C, Rendeiro AF, Lercher A, Bergthaler A, Bock C
Nature  583, 296-302 (2020). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2424-4
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Single-cell RNA-seq with spike-in cells enables accurate quantification of cell-specific drug effects in pancreatic islets
Marquina-Sanchez B*, Fortelny N*, Farlik M*, Vieira A, Collombat P, Bock C*, Kubicek S*
Genome Biology  21, 106 (2020). DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-02006-2
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Chromatin mapping and single-cell immune profiling defines the temporal dynamics of ibrutinib drug response in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Rendeiro AF*, Krausgruber T*, Fortelny N, Zhao F, Penz T, Farlik M, Schuster LC, Kuchler A, Tasnády S, Réti M, Zoltán M, Alpar D*, Bödör C*, Schmidl C*, Bock C*
Nature Communications  11, 577 (2020). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14081-6
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Epigenomics and single-cell sequencing define a developmental hierarchy in Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Halbritter F*, Farlik M*, Schwentner R, Jug G, Fortelny N, Schnöller T, Pisa H, Schuster LC, Reinprecht A, Czech T, Gojo J, Holter W, Minkov M, Bauer WM, Simonitsch-Klupp I, Bock C*, Hutter C*
Cancer Discovery  9, 1406-1421 (2019). DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-19-0138
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RnBeads 2.0: comprehensive analysis of DNA methylation data
Müller F*, Scherer M*, Assenov Y*, Lutsik P*, Walter J, Lengauer T, Bock C
Genome Biology  20, 55 (2019). DOI: 10.1186/s13059-019-1664-9
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Combined chemosensitivity and chromatin profiling prioritizes drug combinations in CLL
Schmidl C*, Vladimer GI*, Rendeiro AF*, Schnabl S*, Krausgruber T, Taubert C, Krall N, Pemovska T, Araghi M, Snijder B, Hubmann R, Ringler A, Runggatscher K, Demirtas D, de la Fuente OL, Hilgarth M, Skrabs C, Porpaczy E, Gruber M, Hoermann G, Kubicek S, Staber PB, Shehata M*, Superti-Furga G*, Jäger U*, Bock C*
Nature Chemical Biology  15, 232-240 (2019). DOI: 10.1038/s41589-018-0205-2
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The DNA methylation landscape of glioblastoma disease progression shows extensive heterogeneity in time and space
Klughammer J*, Kiesel B*, Roetzer T, Fortelny N, Nemc A, Nenning KH, Furtner J, Sheffield NC, Datlinger P, Peter N, Nowosielski M, Augustin M, Mischkulnig M, Strobel T, Alpar D, Ergüner B, Senekowitsch M, Moser P, Freyschlag CF, Kerschbaumer J, Thomé C, Grams AE, Stockhammer G, Kitzwoegerer M, Oberndorfer S, Marhold F, Weis S, Trenkler J, Buchroithner J, Pichler J, Haybaeck J, Krassnig S, Mahdy Ali K, von Campe G, Payer F, Sherif C, Preiser J, Hauser T, Winkler PA, Kleindienst W, Wurtz F, Brandner-Kokalj T, Stultschnig M, Schweiger S, Dieckmann K, Preusser M, Langs G, Baumann B, Knosp E, Widhalm G, Marosi C, Hainfellner JA, Woehrer A*, Bock C*
Nature Medicine  24, 1611-1624 (2018). DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0156-x
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VCF.Filter: interactive prioritization of disease-linked genetic variants from sequencing data
Müller H, Jimenez-Heredia R, Krolo A, Hirschmugl T, Dmytrus J, Boztug K, Bock C
Nucleic Acids Research  45, W567-W572 (2017). DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx425
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Pooled CRISPR screening with single-cell transcriptome readout
Datlinger P, Schmidl C, Rendeiro A, Krausgruber T, Traxler P, Klughammer J, Schuster L, Kuchler A, Alpar D, Bock C
Nature Methods  14, 297-301 (2017). DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.4177
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DNA methylation heterogeneity defines a disease spectrum in Ewing sarcoma
Sheffield NC, Pierron G, Klughammer J, Datlinger P, Schönegger A, Schuster M, Hadler J, Surdez D, Guillemot D, Lapouble E, Freneaux P, Champigneulle J, Bouvier R, Walder D, Ambros IM, Hutter C, Sorz E, Amaral AT, de Alava E, Schallmoser K, Strunk D, Rinner B, Liegl-Atzwanger B, Huppertz B, Leithner A, de Pinieux G, Terrier P, Laurence V, Michon J, Ladenstein R, Holter W, Windhager R, Dirksen U, Ambros PF, Delattre O, Kovar H, Bock C*, Tomazou EM*
Nature Medicine  23, 386-395 (2017). DOI: 10.1038/nm.4273
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DNA methylation dynamics of human hematopoietic stem cell differentiation
Farlik M*, Halbritter F*, Müller F*, Choudry FA, Ebert P, Klughammer J, Farrow S, Santoro A, Ciaurro V, Mathur A, Uppal R, Stunnenberg HG, Ouwehand WH, Laurenti E, Lengauer T, Frontini M*, Bock C*
Cell Stem Cell  19, 808-822 (2016). DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2016.10.019
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Preserve personal freedom in networked societies
Bock C
Nature  537, 9 (2016). DOI: 10.1038/537009a
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Specification of tissue-resident macrophages during organogenesis
Mass E*, Ballesteros I*, Farlik M*, Halbritter F*, Günther P, Crozet L, Jacome-Galarza CE, Händler K, Klughammer J, Kobayashi Y, Gomez-Perdiguero E, Schultze JL, Beyer M*, Bock C*, Geissmann F*
Science  353, 6304 (2016). DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf4238
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Chromatin accessibility maps of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia identify subtype-specific epigenome signatures and transcription regulatory networks
Rendeiro AF*, Schmidl C*, Strefford JC*, Walewska R, Davis Z, Farlik M, Oscier D, Bock C*
Nature Communications  7, 11938 (2016). DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11938
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Quantitative comparison of DNA methylation assays for large-scale validation and epigenetic biomarker development
Bock C, Halbritter F, Carmona FJ, Tierling S, Datlinger P, Assenov Y, Berdasco M, Bergmann AK, Booher K, Busato F, Campan M, Dahl C, Dahmcke CM, Diep D, Fernández AF, Gerhauser C, Haake A, Heilmann K, Holcomb T, Hussmann D, Ito M, Kreutz M, Kulis M, Lopez V, Nair SS, Paul DS, Plongthongkum N, Qu W, Queirós AC, Sauter G, Schlomm T, Stirzaker C, Statham A, Strogantsev R, Urdinguio RG, Walter K, Weichenhan D, Weisenberger DJ, Beck S, Clark SJ, Esteller M, Ferguson-Smith AC, Fraga MF, Guldberg P, Hansen LL, Laird PW, Martin-Subero JI, Nygren AOH, Peist R, Plass C, Shames DS, Siebert R, Sun X, Tost J, Walter J, Zhang K, for the BLUEPRINT consortium
Nature Biotechnology  34, 726-737 (2016). DOI: 10.1038/nbt.3605
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Multi-omics of single cells: Strategies and applications
Bock C, Farlik M, Sheffield NC
Trends in Biotechnology  34, 605-608 (2016). DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.04.004
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Single-cell transcriptomes reveal characteristic features of human pancreatic islet cell types
Li J*, Klughammer J*, Farlik M*, Penz T*, Spittler A, Barbieux C, Berishvili E, Bock C*, Kubicek S*
EMBO Reports  17, 178-187 (2016). DOI: 10.15252/embr.201540946
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LOLA: Enrichment analysis for genomic region sets and regulatory elements in R and Bioconductor
Sheffield NC, Bock C
Bioinformatics  32, 587-589 (2016). DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv612
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Differential DNA methylation analysis without a reference genome
Klughammer J, Datlinger P, Printz D, Sheffield NC, Farlik M, Hadler J, Fritsch G, Bock C
Cell Reports  13, 2621-2633 (2015). DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.11.024
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ChIPmentation: fast, robust, low-input ChIP-seq for histones and transcription factors
Schmidl C*, Rendeiro AF*, Sheffield NC, Bock C
Nature Methods  12, 963-965 (2015). DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.3542
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Single-cell DNA methylome sequencing and bioinformatic inference of epigenomic cell-state dynamics
Farlik M*, Sheffield NC*, Nuzzo A, Datlinger P, Schönegger A, Klughammer J, Bock C
Cell Reports  10, 1386-1397 (2015). DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.02.001
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Epigenome mapping reveals distinct modes of gene regulation and widespread enhancer reprogramming by the oncogenic fusion protein EWS-FLI1
Tomazou EM*, Sheffield NC*, Schmidl C, Schuster M, Schönegger A, Datlinger P, Kubicek S, Bock C*, Kovar H*
Cell Reports  10, 1082-1095 (2015). DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.01.042
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Comprehensive analysis of DNA methylation data with RnBeads
Assenov Y*, Müller F*, Lutsik P*, Walter J, Lengauer T, Bock C
Nature Methods  11, 1138-1140 (2014). DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.3115
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Recommendations for the design and analysis of epigenome-wide association studies
Michels KB, Binder AM, Dedeurwaerder S, Epstein CB, Greally JM, Gut I, Houseman EA, Izzi B, Kelsey KT, Meissner A, Milosavljevic A, Siegmund KD, Bock C*, Irizarry RA*
Nature Methods  10, 949-955 (2013). DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.2632
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Analysing and interpreting DNA methylation data
Bock C
Nature Reviews Genetics  13, 705-719 (2012). DOI: 10.1038/nrg3273
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Managing drug resistance in cancer: Lessons from HIV therapy
Bock C, Lengauer T
Nature Reviews Cancer  12, 494-501 (2012). DOI: 10.1038/nrc3297
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Main publications from Christoph Bock’s postdoctoral research (Broad Institute & Harvard University) and PhD studies (Max Planck Institute for Informatics)
EpiExplorer: live exploration and global analysis of large epigenomic datasets
Halachev K, Bast H, Albrecht F, Lengauer T, Bock C
Genome Biology  13, R96 (2012). DOI: 10.1186/gb-2012-13-10-r96
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DNA methylation dynamics during in vivo differentiation of blood and skin stem cells
Bock C, Beerman I, Lien WH, Smith Z, Gu H, Boyle P, Gnirke A, Fuchs E, Rossi DJ, Meissner A
Molecular Cell  47, 633-47 (2012). DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2012.06.019
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BiQ Analyzer HT: locus-specific analysis of DNA methylation by high-throughput bisulfite sequencing
Lutsik, P, Feuerbach, L, Arand, J, Lengauer, T, Walter, J & Bock, C
Nucleic Acids Research  39, W551-W556 (2011). DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkr312
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RRBSMAP: A fast, accurate and user-friendly alignment tool for reduced representation bisulfite sequencing
Xi Y*, Bock C*, Müller F, Sun D, Meissner A, Li W
Bioinformatics  28, 430-432 (2011). DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btr668
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Reference Maps of human ES and iPS cell variation enable high-throughput characterization of pluripotent cell lines
Bock C*, Kiskinis E*, Verstappen G*, Gu H, Boulting G, Smith ZD, Ziller M, Croft GF, Amoroso MW, Oakley DH, Gnirke A, Eggan K*, Meissner A*
Cell  144, 439-452 (2011). DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.12.032
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Quantitative comparison of genome-wide DNA methylation mapping technologies
Bock C*, Tomazou EM*, Brinkman AB, Müller F, Simmer F, Gu H, Jäger N, Gnirke A, Stunnenberg HG, Meissner A
Nature Biotechnology  28, 1106-1114 (2010). DOI: 10.1038/nbt.1681
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Genome-scale DNA methylation mapping of clinical samples at single-nucleotide resolution
Gu H*, Bock C*, Mikkelsen TS, Jäger N, Smith ZD, Tomazou EM, Gnirke A, Lander ES, Meissner A
Nature Methods  7, 133-136 (2010). DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.1414
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Epigenetic biomarker development
Bock C
Epigenomics  1, 99-110 (2009). DOI: 10.2217/epi.09.6
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MethMarker: User-friendly design and optimization of gene-specific DNA methylation assays
Schüffler P, Mikeska T, Waha A, Lengauer T, Bock C
Genome Biology  10, R105 (2009). DOI: 10.1186/gb-2009-10-10-r105
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EpiGRAPH: User-friendly software for statistical analysis and prediction of epigenomic data
Bock C, Halachev K, Büch J, Lengauer T
Genome Biology  10, R14 (2009). DOI: 10.1186/gb-2009-10-2-r14
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Inter-individual variation of DNA methylation and its implications for large-scale epigenome mapping
Bock C, Walter J, Paulsen M, Lengauer T
Nucleic Acids Research  36, e55 (2008). DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkn122
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Computational epigenetics
Bock C, Lengauer T
Bioinformatics  24, 01.Oct (2008). DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btm546
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CpG island mapping by epigenome prediction
Bock C, Walter J, Paulsen M, Lengauer T
PLOS Computational Biology  3, e110 (2007). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.0030110
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CpG island methylation in human lymphocytes is highly correlated with DNA sequence, repeats, and predicted DNA structure
Bock C, Paulsen M, Tierling S, Mikeska T, Lengauer T, Walter J
PLOS Genetics  2, e26 (2006). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.0020026
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BiQ Analyzer: visualization and quality control for DNA methylation data from bisulfite sequencing
Bock C, Reither S, Mikeska T, Paulsen M, Walter J, Lengauer T
Bioinformatics  21, 4067-4068 (2005). DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bti652
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